{"@context":{"obo_purl":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/","rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","oboinowl_gen":"http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#","ns0":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl#","ns1":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#","dct":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","metadata_def":"http://data.bioontology.org/metadata/def/","metadata":"http://data.bioontology.org/metadata/"},"@graph":[{"@id":"obo_purl:CL_0000573","@type":"owl:Class","rdfs:subClassOf":[{"@id":"obo_purl:CL_0000210"},{"@id":"obo_purl:CL_0009004"}],"rdfs:label":"retinal cone cell","rdfs:seeAlso":"https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_0000573","obo_purl:IAO_0000115":"One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision.","skos:prefLabel":"retinal cone cell","oboinowl_gen:hasDbXref":["BTO:0001036","CALOHA:TS-0866","FMA:67748","ZFA:0009262"],"oboinowl_gen:inSubset":[{"@id":"ns0:human_subset"},{"@id":"ns0:mouse_subset"},{"@id":"ns0:cellxgene_subset"},{"@id":"ns1:human_reference_atlas"}],"dct:description":"Retinal cone cells, or simply cone cells, are one out of the two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina, the other being retinal rod cells. They function by converting light into signals that can lead to a visual perception. These cells are less sensitive to light compared to rod cells, but they play a crucial role in our vision system for their ability to perceive color and provide sharp visual acuity. They are responsible for our daylight and color vision, enabling an individual to perceive fine detail and rapid changes in light levels.\nCone cells are specialized and named based on the absorption spectra of the visual pigments they contain, giving rise to three types of cone cells: short-wavelength S-cones (blue cones), middle-wavelength M-cones (green cones), and long-wavelength L-cones (red cones). The distribution of these cones across the retina differs, with greater densities at the central fovea region, contributing to why our central vision is so sharp and color-detailed compared to peripheral vision.\nThe outer segments of retinal cone cells house the photopigments that absorb light and initiate the process of phototransduction, a biochemical event by which the light signal is transformed into an electrical signal. When a cone cell is stimulated by light, an electrochemical reaction triggers nerve impulses, which are then transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve. There, these impulses are processed into the images that we see. Each type of cone responds to different wavelengths of light, enabling us to perceive a spectrum of color. By working in conjunction with rod cells, which are adapted for low-light vision scenarios, the cone cells provide us with a comprehensive and adaptable vision system.\n\n(This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.)","oboinowl_gen:hasRelatedSynonym":"cone","metadata:def/mappingLoom":"retinalconecell","metadata:def/mappingSameURI":{"@id":"obo_purl:CL_0000573"},"metadata:prefixIRI":"CL:0000573","obo_purl:RO_0002175":{"@id":"obo_purl:NCBITaxon_9606"}},{"@id":"obo_purl:MONDO_0001703","obo_purl:RO_0004020":{"@id":"obo_purl:CL_0000573"}}]}