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<rdfs:comment>ransplanted rice has deleterious effects on the soil environment for the succeeding wheat and other upland crops. Direct seeded rice which removes puddling and drudgery of transplanting the young rice seedlings provides an option to resolve the adaphic conflict and enhance the sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system. Puddling requires lots of scarce water at a time when there is little water in the reservoirs, destroys soil structure and adversely affects soil productivity. DSR overcomes the problem of seasonality in labour requirement for rice nursery raising and transplanting operations.Non-development of ground water in kharif, late onset of monsoon and drudgery of operations often delays rice transplanting which leads to late vacation of fields, forcing farmers to plant wheat after the optimum sowing time. DSR facilitates timely establishment of rice and succeeding winter crops. Unlike puddle fields, DSR fields do not crack and thus help save irrigation water. Surface retained residue serve as physical barrier to emergence of weeds, moderate the soil temperature in summers and winters, conserve soil moisture, add organic matter and nutrients to the soil on decomposition.</rdfs:comment>
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